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This line multiplies the value in length (which is 9) by the value in width (which is 7), and then stores that result in area. Thus, after the line executes, area will contain the value 63. The values of length and width will be unchanged. Like most other computer languages, C# supports a complete set of arithmetic operators, including those shown here:

Figure 5-10

$100,000 5% D = $2.5M $2,000,000 $4,500,000

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month, or day it is for any serial value representing any time between January 1, 1900 and December 31, 9999. The functions to use are YEAR, MONTH, and DAY. Thus, if we picked a serial value like 37986: = YEAR 37986 returns 2003; = MONTH 37986 returns 12; and = DAY 37986 returns 31. This is to say that December 31, 2003 is 37,986 days away from December 31, 1899 (January 1, 1900, being day 1 in the serial value, is 1 day away). We would get the same results if we actually used the date 12/31/2003: = YEAR 12=31=2003 returns 2003; = MONTH 12=31=2003 returns 6; and = DAY 12=31=2003 returns 16. Note: I am using here the U.S. convention for dates, which uses the order of month/day/year. Excel can be set to show different dating formats so that the serial value will appear with the correct order of days, months, and years. Go to Format > Cells > Number and select Date in the Category list box. Look at the drop-down box for Locale (location).

// Demonstrate verbatim literal strings. using System; class Verbatim {

resource, it releases the permit, which causes the semaphore s count to be incremented. If there is another thread waiting for a permit, then that thread will acquire a permit at that time. The number of simultaneous accesses permitted is specified when the semaphore is created. If you create a semaphore that allows only one access, then a semaphore acts just like a mutex. Semaphores are especially useful in situations in which a shared resource consists of a group or pool. For example, a collection of network connections, any of which can be used for communication, is a resource pool. A thread needing a network connection doesn t care which one it gets. In this case, a semaphore offers a convenient mechanism to manage access to the connections. The semaphore is implemented by System.Threading.Semaphore. It has several constructors. The simplest form is shown here: public Semaphore(int initialCount, int maximumCount) Here, initialCount specifies the initial value of the semaphore permit counter, which is the number of permits available. The maximum value of the counter is passed in maximumCount. Thus, maximumCount represents the maximum number of permits that can granted by the semaphore. The value in initialCount specifies how many of these permits are initially available. Using a semaphore is similar to using a mutex, described earlier. To acquire access, your code will call WaitOne( ) on the semaphore. This method is inherited by Semaphore from the WaitHandle class. WaitOne( ) waits until the semaphore on which it is called can be acquired. Thus, it blocks execution of the calling thread until the specified semaphore can grant permission. When your code no longer needs ownership of the semaphore, it releases it by calling Release( ), which is shown here: public int Release( ) public int Release(int releaseCount) The first form releases one permit. The second form releases the number of permits specified by releaseCount. Both return the permit count that existed prior to the release. It is possible for a thread to call WaitOne( ) more than once before calling Release( ). However, the number of calls to WaitOne( ) must be balanced by the same number of calls to Release( ) before the permit is released. Alternatively, you can call the Release(int) form, passing a number equal to the number of times that WaitOne( ) was called. Here is an example that illustrates the semaphore. In the program, the class MyThread uses a semaphore to allow only two MyThread threads to be executed at any one time. Thus, the resource being shared is the CPU.

chapter 9 1. A 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. D chapter 10 1. C 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. F 10. C chapter 11 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. C chapter 12 1. A 2. D

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192.168.1.0 192.168.1.16 192.168.1.32 192.168.1.48 192.168.1.64 192.168.1.80 192.168.1.96 192.168.1.112 192.168.1.128 192.168.1.144 192.168.1.160 192.168.1.176 192.168.1.192 192.168.1.208 192.168.1.224 192.168.1.240