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@ILT+10( ParseCommandLine@@YAHHQAPAGAAUtag_CMDOPTS@@@Z): jmp jmp jmp jmp ParseCommandLine (401439h) ShowHelp (401644h) CResString::~CResString (401A00h) CResString::LoadStringW (401A30h) 679 @ILT+15( ShowHelp@@YAXXZ): @ILT+20( 1CResString@@UAE@XZ): @ILT+25( LoadStringW@CResString@@QAEPBGI@Z):

Sample of Visual Basic Code infoLabel.Text = Master.SharedInfo Sample of C# Code infoLabel.Text = Master.SharedInfo;

Are short variable names always bad No, not always. When you give a variable a short name like i, the length itself says something about the variable namely, that the variable is a scratch value with a limited scope of operation. A programmer reading such a variable should be able to assume that its value isn t used outside a few lines of code. When you name a variable i, you re saying, This variable is a run-of-the-mill loop counter or array index and doesn t have any significance outside these few lines of code. A study by W. J. Hansen found that longer names are better for rarely used variables or global variables and shorter names are better for local variables or loop variables (Shneiderman 1980). Short names are subject to many problems, however, and some careful programmers avoid them altogether as a matter of defensive-programming policy.

The purpose of comparing aggregates is to identify pairs of customers that potentially share the same group of employees . The reasoning behind the use of less than or equal to (<=) in the filter is similar to the one in the previous solution . That is, comparing groups of employees between customers when A2.custid (cust2) is greater than A1.custid (cust1) is superfluous . The third CTE, (CustGrp), filters from AggJoin only pairs of customers that actually share the same group of employees, by verifying that the count of matching employees in both groups is identical to the total count of employees in each group by itself . The query aggregates the filtered rows by cust1, returning the minimum cust2 for each cust1 . At this point, CustGrp contains the correct grp value for each customer . Finally, the outer query performs a left outer join that adds customers without orders . This solution runs for eight seconds . Note that you could use a CTE with the set of distinct custid, empid combinations instead of the temporary table #CustEmps . This way, you could avoid using temporary tables altogether . I tested such a solution and it ran for about 12 seconds 50 percent more than the solution that utilizes a temporary table . The advantage in the temporary table approach was that you could index it . Considering the fastest solution we had so far the one utilizing a temporary table is this really the best you can get Apparently not . You can use the FOR XML PATH option to concatenate all distinct empid values per customer . You can then group the data by the concatenated string, and return for each customer the minimum custid within the group using the OVER clause . The fast and nifty concatenation technique was originally devised by Michael Rys and Eugene Kogan . The PATH mode provides an easier way to mix elements and attributes than the EXPLICIT directive . Here s the complete solution:

In this case, when a SomeType object has its Finalize method called, a reference to the object is placed in a root, and the object is reachable from the application s code . This object is now resurrected, and the garbage collector won t consider the object to be garbage . The application is free to use the object but you must remember that the object has been finalized, so using it can cause unpredictable results . Also keep in mind that if SomeType contained fields that referenced other objects (either directly or indirectly), all objects would be resurrected because they are all reachable from the application s roots . However, be aware that some of these other objects might also have had their Finalize method called . In general, resurrection is not considered a good thing, and you should avoid writing code that takes advantage of this feature of the CLR . The few scenarios in which resurrection can be useful are when an application s architecture requires use of the same object over and over again . When the object is finished being used, a garbage collection will occur . In the object s Finalize method, it assigns its this pointer to another root, preventing the object from dying . But you ll want to tell the garbage collector to call the object s Finalize method again after the next usage . To make this possible, the GC type offers a static method named ReRegisterForFinalize . This method takes a single parameter: a reference to an object . The following code demonstrates how to fix SomeType s Finalize method so that the Finalize method is called after each use of the object:

To create a namespace from a command prompt, use the Dfsutil /Addftroot or Dfsutil /Addstdroot commands. For example, to create the same namespace shown in Figure 12-4, follow these steps:

CLR s finalizer thread, discussed in 21, Automatic Memory Management (Garbage Collection), runs at the Time-Critical priority level . Therefore, as a managed developer, you really only get to use the five highlighted relative thread priorities listed in Table 25-1 . Important Today, most applications do not take advantage of thread priorities . However, in

2 . . When it finishes, Visual Studio will have created a full ASP .NET project for you to build around the MVC framework . Look in Solution Explorer and notice the MVC folders: Controllers, Models, and Views . 3 . . Run the application to see how it looks . 4 . . To see how MVC integrates with the rest of ASP .NET, open the master page under the Views\Shared folder in the Designer . The master page file name is Site .master . You can see some typical HTML, as well as some HTML helpers doing some work as inline code . (You look at the HTML helpers a bit later in the chapter .) For example, inside the master page, you can also see that the application uses something called the LogOnUserControl . For now, change the heading text of the page from My MVC Application to Dot .Net .References . 5 . . You can change the styles and colors of the master page, too . The main CSS file is in the Content folder and is named Site .css . To change the body style, right-click inside the body style description in the code, and click Build Style on the shortcut menu . You can change the background color, as well as any other style elements, by using the Style Builder dialog box . After changing some of the elements, run the Web site by pressing Ctrl+F5 from within Visual Studio . You should be able to see that the style elements have changed for the pages . 6 . . To start you off, Visual Studio creates an AccountController and a HomeController along with the files to support the accompanying views . The Home controller/ view includes the text Welcome To ASP .NET MVC . To change this text, open the HomeController .cs file under the Controllers\Home folder . The Index method prints out the greeting change the Index method to emit Welcome .to .the .Dot .Net .References . Site . Then, open the Index .aspx file under the Views\Home folder . Change the text from the following:

On the surface, finalization seems pretty straightforward: you create an object; when the object is collected, the object s Finalize method is called. But once you dig in, finalization is more complicated than this. When an application creates a new object, the new operator allocates the memory from the heap. If the object s type defines a Finalize method, a pointer to the object is placed on the finalization list just before the type s instance constructor is called. The finalization list is an internal data structure controlled by the garbage collector. Each entry in the list points to an object that should have its Finalize method called before the object s memory can be reclaimed. Figure 19 4 shows a heap containing several objects. Some of these objects are reachable from the application s roots, and some are not. When objects C, E, F, I, and J were created, the system detected that these objects types defined Finalize methods and added pointers to these objects to the finalization list.

4. Scale the chart area proportionately (reduce or increase it and thus indirectly the chart image s plot area using its corner points) and repeatedly move it in small steps until the euro-coin picture and the chart cover each other as desired . Tip For fine-tuning in connection with step 4, you can use exact specifications; i .e ., minimal sizing, which you can specify in Chart Tools/Format/Size .

OrderID 11077 11076 11075 11074 11073 11072 11071 11070 CustomerID RATTC BONAP RICSU SIMOB PERIC ERNSH LILAS LEHMS OrderDate 1998-05-06 00:00:00.000 1998-05-06 00:00:00.000 1998-05-06 00:00:00.000 1998-05-06 00:00:00.000 1998-05-05 00:00:00.000 1998-05-05 00:00:00.000 1998-05-05 00:00:00.000 1998-05-05 00:00:00.000

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