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The optimizer managed to turn the subquery approach into a simple join approach. If I hadn t created the dept table with the appropriate uniqueness constraint, the optimizer would still have managed to find the join by unnesting: Execution Plan (9.2.0.6 autotrace) ---------------------------------------------------------0 SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer=ALL_ROWS (Cost=44 Card=10000 Bytes=770000) 1 0 HASH JOIN (Cost=44 Card=10000 Bytes=770000) 2 1 SORT (UNIQUE) 3 2 TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'DEPT' (Cost=2 Card=3 Bytes=15) 4 1 TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'EMP' (Cost=35 Card=20000 Bytes=1440000) In a very slight variation, 8i would have inserted one extra line to the plan, between the hash join and the sort, identifying the inline view from the unnest as vw_nso_1. If we had then blocked the unnesting (with the no_unnest hint), the optimizer would have fallen back to the filter mechanism: Execution Plan (9.2.0.6 autotrace) ---------------------------------------------------------0 SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer=ALL_ROWS (Cost=47 Card=3333 Bytes=239976) 1 0 FILTER 2 1 TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'EMP' (TABLE) (Cost=35 Card=20000 Bytes=1440000) 3 1 TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'DEPT' (TABLE) (Cost=2 Card=1 Bytes=5) There is still one remaining option that the optimizer could play: the semi-join a mechanism reserved exclusively for existence tests. Wait a moment, you say, this query doesn t have an existence test it has an in subquery. But an in can always be transformed into an exists, and once it has been transformed, the optimizer may choose to use a semi-join on it and that semi-join could be a nested loop, merge, or hash semi-join. When hinted, these are the plans we get from 8i and 9i: Execution Plan (9.2.0.6 autotrace with nl_sj hint in subquery) ----------------------------------------------------------------0 SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer=ALL_ROWS (Cost=40035 Card=10000 Bytes=770000) 1 0 NESTED LOOPS (SEMI) (Cost=40035 Card=10000 Bytes=770000) 2 1 TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'EMP' (Cost=35 Card=20000 Bytes=1440000) 3 1 TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'DEPT' (Cost=2 Card=2 Bytes=10) Execution Plan (9.2.0.6 autotrace with merge_sj hint in subquery) ---------------------------------------------------------0 SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer=ALL_ROWS (Cost=282 Card=10000 Bytes=770000) 1 0 MERGE JOIN (SEMI) (Cost=282 Card=10000 Bytes=770000) 2 1 SORT (JOIN) (Cost=274 Card=20000 Bytes=1440000) 3 2 TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'EMP' (Cost=35 Card=20000 Bytes=1440000) 4 1 SORT (UNIQUE) (Cost=8 Card=3 Bytes=15) 5 4 TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'DEPT' (Cost=2 Card=3 Bytes=15)

query out of multiple SQL statements written in the query window, unlike other RDBMSs. This behavior is shown in the Figure 6-3, in which we have selected a particular statement. Click the Execute button, and SQL Server will process only the selected statement.

are public they have the same accessibility as the type definition. This is a useful default because it corresponds to the common situation where internal implementation details are fully private and published constructs are available widely, and because omitting accessibility annotations makes code more readable in the common case. When you start to add more specific accessibility annotations, such as by making individual members internal or private, then it s useful to explicitly mark all members with accessibility annotations. Doing so makes your code more readable because readers don t have to remember that unmarked members are public. You can leave the remaining let bindings unmarked and implicitly private. In short, we recommend that if you mark any members of a type with accessibility annotations, you should mark them all.

protected function creationCompleteHandler(event:FlexEvent):void { BindingManager.debugBinding("label.text"); } ]]> </fx:Script> <s:layout> <s:VerticalLayout /> </s:layout> <s:TextInput id="textInput" change="{value=textInput.text}" /> <s:Label id="label" text="{value}" /> </s:Application>

You can develop web forms via two coding models: The single-file code model The code-behind model

The corresponding style sheet is shown in Listing 6-4. Listing 6-4. Using <xsl:apply-templates> < xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" > <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> <xsl:template match="/"> <html> <body> <h1>Employee Listing</h1> <xsl:apply-templates/> </body> </html> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="employee"> <div> <h3>Employee ID : <xsl:value-of select="@employeeid"/> </h3> <xsl:apply-templates select="firstname"/> <xsl:apply-templates select="lastname"/> <xsl:apply-templates select="homephone"/> <xsl:apply-templates select="notes"/> </div> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="firstname"> <b>First Name :</b><xsl:value-of select="."/> <br /> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="lastname"> <b>Last Name :</b> <xsl:value-of select="."/> <br /> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="homephone"> <b>Home Phone :</b> <xsl:value-of select="."/> <br /> </xsl:template>

Once you have a schematic design that you re comfortable with, you ll make it real by converting the logical schematic representation to a physical one in the form of a logic board. Notice that, in each step of your process, you move your idea one step closer to reality. If, in the last step, you chose to hire someone to capture your design into schematic form, then don t even think about doing this part yourself. PCB design is much more than getting your design to function as a combination of building blocks. While the details of PCB design can be daunting, the basic concept is that you have a flat piece of something that is painted with copper; it s printed all the connections of your circuit onto it, and then you remove everything else. More specifically, a sheet of insulator material is coated on the outside of both surfaces with copper. If you remove the unused copper on both sides so that only your circuit remains, then you have a two-layer circuit board. For complex designs many more layers maybe required. The sheets (called laminates) are stacked together with another material separating the laminates. You can therefore have two, four, six, etc., layer PC boards. Because the unused material is removed before the laminate boards are layered together, as the number of layers grows, the precision needed increases. Because the circuits that run on the inner layers have to connect to a part or another layer (otherwise

n Ithis chapter, I d like to share some additional experiences that I ve encountered in the past years using .NET Remoting. I will do this as a series of tips or best practices. But first, I d like to discuss some of the use cases and maybe even more important nonuse cases for .NET Remoting in your applications.

computers, printers, and mount points on servers. The LDAP implementation for Mac OS X Server is slapd. The slapd process uses a number of schema files, located in the directory /etc/openldap/schema, to define the structure of the directory services database. These schema files include the object classes and attributes that the LDAP server presents to LDAP clients. Attributes are the same as those located in property list files, as noted earlier in this chapter. An ObjectClass is a set of attributes. New schema files can be added, thus extending the functionality of LDAP and therefore Open Directory. Schema files can also be augmented to include new attributes. When you enhance the metadata stored for objects in LDAP, it is therefore typically referred to as extending the schema.

Unfortunately, unlike with Windows, it s rare to find Linux drivers on the CD that comes with the hardware. Even if you do find a Linux driver supplied, chances are that it will work with only certain versions of Linux, such as Red Hat or SUSE Linux. There are also some drivers that are usable but imperfect or lack features that are available in their Windows counterparts. At the time of this writing, Ubuntu has yet to gain the kind of momentum where manufacturers specifically produce drivers for it, but this may change in the future. At least Dell, Everex, Asus, and Shuttle are now bundling Linux with their product offerings. Other OEMs may soon follow suit.