Adding Rollovers to Your Pages in Java

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Adding Rollovers to Your Pages
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If you re new to HTML, a rollover probably sounds like a pet trick In actuality, though, a rollover is perhaps the most common use of DHTML on the Web It s an instruction that brings your Web page to life when a mouse
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pointer hovers over an image or text In the past, it was common to address rollovers with JavaScript/HTML/CSS solutions, but now all you really need is CSS With that observation in mind, it s time to start the fun!
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For years, the only option available for creating a rollover was to create button images and then activate them with JavaScript However, now that CSS has gained acceptance in newer browser versions, here s an alternative way to create rollovers without using images at all Text rollovers have advantages and disadvantages when compared with JavaScript image rollovers: Good news: Text is faster and more meaningful to search engines, and it s always easier to add plain text to a page than it is to create two images and add them both to a page, with an image rollover Plus, you don t need to worry about preloading, tracking, and maintaining images Bad news: Although you can control the text font, style, and border for your image using CSS, you currently can t do all the nifty visual tricks that you can do to images using a program like Adobe Photoshop (or some reasonable facsimile thereof) These tricks include visual effects such as anti-aliasing, drop shadows, and animation (You can, however, apply such visual effects using HTML 5 and CSS3, which we discuss in s 19 and 20, respectively) In addition, this method works only in reasonably current browsers If your target viewing audience uses a browser released in this century, that should be fine Figure 16-1 shows a plain-Jane Web page with two rollover text links: Home and About Me Moving the cursor over one of the images, as shown in Figure 16-2, causes the rolled-over version of the text to display white text on a black background, instead of teal-on-white for unvisited links and gray-onwhite for visited links Listing 16-1 displays the HTML and CSS required for this rollover effect
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Figure 16-1: A page with text rollovers handled with CSS
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Figure 16-2: Moving the cursor over the link text changes the text and background colors
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The link text still shows up onscreen regardless of whether you visited the linked page Figure 16-3 shows how the page appears after you visit this site s home page Although that text is grayed out, it s still a link, so rolling over it still produces the same effect shown in Figure 16-2
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Listing 16-1:
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC -//W3C//DTD XHTML 10 Transitional//EN http://wwww3org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitionaldtd > <html xmlns= http://wwww3org/1999/xhtml > <head> <title>CSS Text Rollover</title> <meta http-equiv= Content-Type content= text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1 /> <style type= text/css > h4 {font: 18pt geneva, sans-serif; margin: 0; color: teal; background: white;} a {text-decoration: none;} div#navbar {width: 200px;} div#navbar a {display: block; margin: 0; padding: 03em;} div#navbar a:link {color: #008080; background-color: transparent;} div#navbar a:visited {color: #C0C0C0; background-color: transparent;} div#navbar a:hover {background: black; color: white;} </style> </head> <body> <div id= navbar > <h4><a href= indexhtml >Home</a></h4> <h4><a href= aboutMehtml >About Me</a></h4> </div> </body> </html>
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In this example, we change the text from teal-on-white to white-on-black when the cursor hovers over the link; that way, it s easy for you to see what s going on in the screenshots You may want to use a different approach on your site (or a different color scheme) The link goes gray after being visited
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Figure 16-3: After you visit a page, the link text color shows that the page was visited
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Adding this type of navigation to your site couldn t be simpler: 1 Within the <head> tags, add the preceding code (from Listing 16-1) inside and including the <style> and </style> tags 2 Add links inside individual <h4> tags 3 Make sure that the entire menu is inside a <div> tag with an id attribute of navbar If you add the CSS to your site via a link to a site-wide external style sheet (see s 9 and 10 for more information on style sheets), you can add, change, or delete menu-bar links on your site at any time without having to touch a single line of CSS or JavaScript You simply add or modify your <a href> tags Slick, huh
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