Figure 2-2: Headings help organize the text on your Web page in Java

Generator Code 39 in Java Figure 2-2: Headings help organize the text on your Web page

Font is a fancy term that describes the way a letter is shaped This word is in a font that s different from the font this word is in You can just go with the default fonts those fonts that are set automatically in the Web browser or you can specify which fonts you want For casual Web-page development, the default fonts work just fine, but you may prefer to make your own choices to get just the right look Two elements that you use most often for altering fonts are B and I These elements set the enclosed lettering to bold or italic print, respectively, as in the following example: <P>This is normal print <B>This is bold print</B> <I>This is italicized print</I></P> You can also use the FONT element to set the face of the text, which is the basic appearance of the lettering (whether it s Arial, Times New Roman, and so on), as well as the size and color (See the section Using Color, later in this chapter, for more information on setting color) The following example shows how to use the FONT element to set face, size, and color: <P><FONT face= Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif size= 5 color= blue >This is blue-colored Helvetica in size 5</FONT> <FONT face= Times New Roman, Times, serif size= 3 color= red >This is red-colored Times Roman in size 3</FONT> <FONT face= Courier New, Courier, mono size= 7 color= black >This is black-colored Courier in size 7</FONT></P> Figure 2-3 shows the results of the two preceding code examples Although I used the FONT element on whole sentences in the code example, you can also apply it to smaller stretches of text even to a single character The reason for the face attribute s several choices is that many different computer systems are hooked up to the Internet, and Windows doesn t offer the same options that Macs or Unix systemsdo If the font you specify isn t available, the visitor s Web browser makes its best guess about what font to substitute By offering a series of font options for the browser to use, you improve the chances of a visitor seeing just what you intended The preceding code example includes all you need to cover the three main types of font faces common on the World Wide Web

Okay, a horizontal line isn t really a word, but this part of the book is the least unlikely place I can think of to discuss this element In HTML, these lines are technically known as horizontal rules, so the element that represents them is called HR Horizontal rules separate one section of a page from another visually, underline an image, and do just about anything you normally do with lines You can set the width of horizontal rules as either a percentage of the width of the screen or as an exact pixel value The default width value of a horizontal line is 100 percent of the screen width, so if you don t specify the value of the width attribute, that s what you get To specify a width of 50 percent, for example, use the following code: <HR width= 50% > To specify a width of 400 pixels, you do it like this instead: <HR width= 400 >

You use the size attribute to set the height, or thickness, of the line, as the following example shows: <HR size= 6 > By default, the line is hollow, or shaded (The hollow line is called shaded because back in the days when Web pages weren t so colorful and all you had to work with was black text on a medium-gray background, hollow horizontal lines appeared to sink into the page, creating a shaded, or 2-D, effect Against most other background colors, the effect isn t apparent) To make a line solid, you need to add the noshade attribute, as in the following example: <HR noshade> The following code creates the Web page shown in Figure 2-4: <HR> <HR width= 100% > <HR width= 50% > <HR width= 200 > <HR width= 400 > <HR size= 10 > <HR size= 6 noshade>